Emergency Medicine
HM 630
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Internal Medicine, Surgery and Pediatric clerkships.
Our emergency department is staffed by board certified emergency physicians and has achieved designation as a Level II Trauma Center.
Objectives:
- Acquire a core knowledge base in emergency medicine, including recognition of life-threatening conditions and initial basic resuscitation. Topics to be covered include (but are not limited to): airway management, CPR, shock, abdominal pain, chest pain, respiratory emergencies, wound management, febrile infant, blunt trauma, and toxicology.
- Be exposed to unscreened, undifferentiated patients with common presenting complaints of acute illness and injury.
- Develop skills in quickly establishing a doctor/patient relationship with a diverse ED patient population, while assessing the patient’s complaint in an effective and efficient manner. Each patient will be presented to emergency medicine faculty, with emphasis on developing a concise presentation format covering pertinent history and physical, differential diagnosis, management and disposition plan. The student will be given immediate feedback and training on each case presentation.
- Demonstrate clinical problem solving in emergency medicine, including prioritization, rapid decision making, concurrent diagnosis, therapy and disposition planning, and cost-effective clinical differentiation of common and catastrophic problems.
- Develop and improve skills in basic emergency medicine and ambulatory procedures including (but not limited to): phlebotomy, IVs, NG tube placement, urinary catheterization, suturing and wound care, lumbar puncture, basic and advanced airway procedures, FAST exam for trauma, radiographic and EKG interpretation.
- Gain an understanding teamwork and the relationship between the emergency department and other departments, medical staff and pre-hospital systems.
- Develop and exhibit professional attributes and behaviors.
This elective offers students the opportunity to function as a subintern in a high volume emergency department under the supervision of the emergency medicine faculty. The student should expect to work on all shifts, including weekends. The department uses electronic medical records. It is recommended that the student be available for an orientation to the EMR system before the clerkship begins.
Family Medicine Elective
FMP 610
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Family Medicine, Internal Medicine and Pediatric clerkships.
Objectives:
- Improve the student’s ability to perform and document a history and physical exam, obtain laboratory evaluations, formulate an appropriate differential diagnosis, develop a provisional diagnosis and formulate effective management, which includes further diagnostic evaluation, treatment and rehabilitation programs.
- Improve the student’s ability to monitor the course of illness and appropriately revise the treatment and rehab plan.
- Enhance the student’s understanding of psychological, social and economic principles involved in illness and in the delivery of health care and his/her ability to respond appropriately to patients’ needs related to these principals.
- Enhance the student’s understanding of the role of both non-physician health care workers and physicians in the delivery of health care.
- Reduce the student’s personally perceived education deficits, both clinical and non-clinical.
- Focus on and clarify for the student the realities and advantages of community-based family medicine.
- Develop an “esprit de corps” among students interested in family medicine.
- Provide an opportunity for students to work in an educationally sound community-based primary care setting.
This elective will acquaint the student with family medicine in an Upper Peninsula community. Students are encouraged to explore health services in both the hospital and community.
The curriculum is divided into in-hospital and clinic training. Students will have the opportunity to travel with experienced clinicians to small, rural clinics. Physical diagnosis skills are enhanced at the rural clinics because many labs, x-ray and other diagnostic technologies are not readily available.
Students will be assigned to the FamilyCare Doctors office where the family medicine residents, faculty physicians and staff physicians see their private patients. The student will also participate in teaching rounds, lectures and other activities as assigned.
Rural Family Medicine Elective
FMP 616
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, OB/GYN and Pediatric clerkships.
Objectives:
- Demonstrate an understanding of continuity of care in rural settings.
- Exhibit a familiarity with the evaluation and management of common primary care problems in rural setting.
- Understand the bio-psycho-social model in health care.
- Be able to apply basic principles of prevention.
This clerkship is designed to enhance the student’s ability to integrate clinical medicine with experience in rural communities in the Upper Peninsula. The clerkship emphasizes patient care management by family physicians. Two separate settings are available for this clerkship: rural communities, or Native American communities. The location of the clerkship will be decided between the community administrator and medical student.
Community Involvement Aspect of Rural Clerkship:
An important aspect of the rural experience is gaining an overall understanding of the community. Students will be exposed to the community and culture in which they will be studying.
Administration in conjunction with our AHEC office will consult with an appropriate community link to identify activities that will enhance the student’s rural clerkship. These activities will be classified into assignments. For example, the student may attend a powwow or other local cultural event, volunteer with a local organization, volunteer at a local organization or fund-raising event, or speak at a local school. The student will pick at least three experiences in the community and submit a report (three pages or less) of their experiences. This report would describe:
- Activities that they participated in.
- The experience and feeling for the activity.
- Recommendations to other students that will be practicing at that site in regard to what outside activities they should become familiar with.
- Identification of any unmet needs, particularly challenges for employment in the healthcare field.
Sports Medicine Elective
FMP 617
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students. Availability is limited.
Objectives:
- Be familiar with the examination of major joints in sports-related injuries.
- Be familiar with the approach to the management of the most common sports-related injuries.
- Gain exposure to the role/use of exercise and modalities physical therapy in the management of sports-related injuries.
- Be familiar with prevention of athletic injuries.
- Be aware of medical issues related to mass participation in sports.
Students have the opportunity to see patients in the outpatient setting as well as accompany attendings and preceptors during training room visits. Students will be expected to attend sporting events and write up appropriate cases with the assistance of attendings.
The medical student will have an opportunity to deal with acute injuries first-hand and will gain experience in training of the athlete, emergency care and transportation of the athlete, and definitive diagnostic procedures to be used.
The experience will involve office care of athletes as well as coverage of various sporting events at Northern Michigan University, local high schools and community programs.
Students will also work with athletes from the United States Olympic Education Center (USOEC), a Marquette-based training site for elite athletes in boxing, weight lifting, short track speed skating and wrestling, and participate in informal teaching sessions with athletic trainers, physical therapists and sports medicine consultants.
It is expected that the student will gain knowledge not only in the clinical aspects of sports medicine, but also the philosophy of sports medical care and the basic science of sports medicine in the area of preventive sports medicine.
Ambulatory Care Medicine Elective
MED 628
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, OB/GYN and Pediatric clerkships.
Objectives:
- Become proficient in the comprehensive evaluation/physical exam skills for new patients presenting in the ambulatory setting.
- Understand the interpretation of laboratory, procedural and diagnostic data as it relates to ambulatory care.
This elective offers students the opportunity to enhance skills in patient management, including initial evaluation, subsequent problem identification, and implementation of diagnostic and therapeutic plans in the ambulatory setting. Problem oriented record keeping is stressed.
Students have primary responsibility for writing progress notes, which allows the student to enhance decision analysis skills. Reading assignments cover clinical problems observed in the outpatient setting.
Cardiology Elective
MED 611
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Internal Medicine clerkship and are relatively proficient in EKG interpretation.
Objectives:
- Become proficient in comprehensive evaluation/physical exam skills for new patients with cardiac disorders.
- Demonstrate an understanding of the interpretation of laboratory, procedural and diagnostic data as it relates to cardiac diseases.
Students are assigned to a cardiology service and are involved in the management of acute and chronic cardiology problems. The clerkship includes time spent on both the invasive and non invasive cardiovascular units, exposure to Swan Ganz catheterization and transvenous pacemaker insertion. Daily rounds are made with the cardiologist. Time will be spent in the Cath Lab.
Hospitalist - Advanced Medicine Sub-I
MED 628
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Internal Medicine clerkship. Availability is limited.
Objectives:
- Become proficient in the comprehensive evaluation/physical exam skills for critically ill hospitalized patients.
- Be familiar with the interpretation of laboratory, procedural and diagnostic data as it relates to critically ill patients.
Students function as an intern-equivalent on a critical care team with an attending physician. Students round daily with the physician and have the opportunity to perform procedures common to the critical care unit. Call is strongly suggested. Some evening and night shifts will most likely be required.
Dermatology Elective
MED 613
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Internal Medicine and Surgery clerkships. Availability is limited.
Objectives:
- Develop skills in the examination and description of dermatologic disorders.
- Gain experience in the application of appropriate diagnostic techniques.
Students will have the opportunity to work with the Dermatologist in an outpatient setting.
Gastroenterology Elective
MED 615
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Internal Medicine clerkship.
Objectives:
- Become proficient in the comprehensive evaluation/physical exam skills for new patients with gastrointestinal disorders.
- Understand the interpretation of laboratory, procedural and diagnostic data as it relates to gastrointestinal diseases.
Students are assigned to a gastroenterology service with the gastroenterologist. Exposure to both primary and consultative gastroenterology cases is included. Students also spend time in the endoscopy suite and may be given the opportunity to participate in endoscopies.
Infectious Disease Elective
MED 618
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Internal Medicine clerkship. Availability is limited.
Objectives:
- Become proficient in the comprehensive evaluation/physical exam skills for new patients with infectious diseases.
- Understand the interpretation of laboratory, procedural and diagnostic data as it relates to infectious diseases.
Students are assigned to an infectious disease specialist who will work up consultations and round daily. This elective is done in the inpatient setting.
Nephrology Elective
MED 612
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Internal Medicine clerkship. Availability is limited.
Objectives:
- Become proficient in the comprehensive evaluation/physical exam skills for new patients with renal disorders.
- Be familiar with the interpretation of laboratory, procedural and diagnostic data as it relates to renal diseases.
This clerkship offers students the opportunity to evaluate and manage patients with common renal problems, including acute and chronic renal failure, fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, hypertension, hemodialysis and transplantation. Students round daily with a nephrologist.
Neurology Elective
NOP 617
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Internal Medicine clerkship. Availability is limited.
Objectives:
- Become proficient in the comprehensive evaluation/physical exam skills for new patients with neurological disorders.
- Understand the interpretation of laboratory, procedural and diagnostic data as it relates to neurological diseases.
This elective is offered primarily in the outpatient setting, although in-hospital consultations may be included. Review of neurologic examination and discussion of common neurological problems are covered. The student also has the opportunity to become familiar with electromyography, electroencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging and CT scanning through affiliated hospital services.
Oncology-Hematology Elective
MED 609
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Internal Medicine clerkship. Availability is limited.
Objectives:
- Become proficient in the comprehensive evaluation/physical exam skills for new patients with oncologic or hematologic disorders.
- Become familiar with the interpretation of laboratory, procedural and diagnostic data as it relates to oncologic or hematologic diseases.
Students are assigned to a clinical oncology/hematology service and round daily with the staff oncologist. An approach to the comprehensive management of the cancer patient with multiple medical problems is stressed. Students work up and manage hematologic and malignant disorders, perform procedures, and have the opportunity for blood smear and bone marrow review.
Pulmonary Medicine Elective
MED 614
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Internal Medicine clerkship. Availability is limited.
Objectives:
- Become proficient in the comprehensive evaluation/physical exam skills for new patients with pulmonary disorders.
- Understand laboratory, procedural and diagnostic data as it relates to pulmonary diseases.
Students are assigned to a pulmonary service and participate in daily rounds with pulmonologists. Students participate in the management of acute respiratory failure with a significant emphasis on ventilatory management. Treatment of acute pulmonary infection and care of the critical care patient with multiple medical problems are covered. Students also assist in procedures such as Swan-Ganz catheterization, chest tube insertion, central line insertion and endotracheal intubation as opportunities arise.
Physical Medicine & Rehab
MED 626
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Internal Medicine clerkship.
Objectives:
- Become familiar with a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to rehabilitation medicine.
- Become familiar with laboratory, procedural and diagnostic data as it related to this field.
Students are assigned to a physical medicine service and spend time in both the outpatient setting and the inpatient unit at Marquette General Hospital. This course offers students an opportunity to become a member of a multidisciplinary team, and to learn the roles and contributions of the various health professionals in comprehensive rehabilitation medical care.
Pathology Elective
HM 610
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students.
Objectives:
- Complete a review of the basic concepts of pathology and histology through a study of disease processes in current and archived patient material.
- Understand the basic principles and patterns of histopathology used in evaluation of patient specimens in surgical pathology.
- Demonstrate basic microscopy skills in the areas of cytology, hematology and urinalysis.
- Be able to assist with an autopsy.
- Develop an appreciation for the interface between laboratory science and clinical medicine.
- Obtain skills in the interpretation of various clinical laboratory studies for chemistry, immunopathology and hematology/blood bank.
- Participate with pathologists during performance of frozen section.
Student will work with the hospital pathologist. Clerkships may be tailored to the student’s area of interest. The pathology department is located within the laboratory at Marquette General Hospital.
Neonatology Elective
PHD 604
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their basic Pediatric clerkship. Availability is limited.
Objectives:
- Be able to recognize the needs of normal premature infants.
- Become familiar with the management of problems associated with high risk and sick newborns.
- Know the basic resuscitations skills used in the delivery room.
This clerkship offers students the opportunity for exposure to neonatal techniques and care patterns for the sick neonate. Students are assigned to work with a neonatologist in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Marquette General Hospital.
Addiction Psychiatry Elective
PSC 608
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their basic Psychiatry clerkship.
Objectives:
- Increase ability to assess, diagnose and stage addiction disorders.
- Learn the array of available psychosocial treatments, including group therapy, behavior modification, family therapy, individual psychotherapy and spiritual 12-step approaches.
- Become familiar with the latest pharmacotherapies for detoxification and maintenance of sobriety, as well as ineffective or dangerous pharmacotherapies.
- Explore the interactions among addiction disorders and other medical and psychiatric disorders.
- Visit and/or learn about the array of available treatment settings.
Students work directly with family physicians trained in addiction medicine. The student will participate in a broad range of patient care activities, from detox through long-term recovery. Treatment sites include general hospital units for consultation and detox care and a residential/outpatient treatment unit. The student will gain an appreciation of the pervasive impact of addictions on the individual, the family, medical care and society at large.
Advanced Adult Psychiatry Elective
PSC 609B
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their basic Psychiatry clerkship.
Objectives:
- Gain a clear sense of the satisfaction and challenges of the practice of psychiatry.
- Enhance skills and confidence in the comprehensive evaluation of new patients.
- Increase the ability to devise comprehensive biopsychosocial formulations of patients.
- Gain experience in conducting short-term supportive and problem-focused psychotherapy.
- Gain experience in psychiatric consultation for medical/surgical inpatients.
Students work with psychiatrists on the inpatient adult unit. Students evaluate new patients referred for psychiatric consultation and conduct supportive and problem-focused psychotherapy. Students are encouraged to participate in group activities on the unit.
Radiology Elective
RAD 609
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students.
Objectives:
- Become familiar with imaging procedures, including indications, limitations and possible complications.
- Understand the development of appropriate algorithms or decision steps in applying imaging procedures to the solution of clinical problems.
- Demonstrate improved skill and confidence in base interpretation of routine cases.
This elective includes an overview of diagnostic imaging procedures and interpretation. Emphasis is placed on understanding the indications, contra-indications, limitations and complications of various imaging studies. Students are assigned to a hospital radiology service and spend time with the staff radiologists. Time is also spent in image review, in file case review and reading.
Research Elective
HM 691
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students.
Objectives:
- Be able to search the research literature efficiently and use the literature to frame a research project.
- Understand the process of experimental design and recognize the importance of research design in the success of a project.
- Be able to determine appropriate statistical analysis techniques for the most widely used experimental designs.
- Be able to plan and carry out a research project from concept development through data analysis and report writing.
- Understand and appreciate the complexities of both cost-benefit and ethical issues in research.
- Develop an appreciation for the entire research process and the planning and coordination it entails.
The focus of this elective is the development and, if possible, execution of a relatively independent research project as a means of understanding the entire research process in depth. The course will also stress the integration of research into medical practice.
Appropriate readings and periodic discussions will be used to augment the guided project development effort. MSU students who have completed the third-year research curriculum may use this course to further enhance their skills. The elective is also available to students from other institutions.
Anesthesiology Elective
SUR 618
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Junior Surgery clerkship.
Objectives:
- Demonstrate improved skill in airway management.
- Understand the preoperative evaluation and preparation of the surgical patient.
- Enhance understanding of critical care physiology and pharmacology.
- Gain practical experience with invasive hemodynamic monitoring.
- Understand the basic approach to administering a general anesthetic.
This elective offers individualized teaching in the preoperative and postoperative methods of assessment and management of patients undergoing anesthesia prior to surgery.
Cardiovascular Surgery Elective
SUR 619
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Junior Surgery clerkship.
Objectives:
- Become familiar with the management of patients in a cardiac surgical intensive care setting.
- Understand the approach to the preoperative evaluation and preparation of a patient for cardiac surgery.
- Enhance knowledge of cardiac and pulmonary physiology.
- Gain practical experience with invasive hemodynamic monitoring.
This elective is designed to familiarize the student with the basic principles and techniques of cardiovascular surgery. Cardiac and pulmonary physiology are strongly emphasized and students receive exposure to the intensive care unit. Students will also care for patients on the general units as they progress toward discharge.
Neurosurgery Elective
SUR 614
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Junior Surgery clerkship.
Objectives:
- Become familiar with the preoperative and postoperative management of the neurosurgical patient.
- Become familiar with the basic approach to neurosurgical emergencies.
- Increase understanding of clinical neuroanatomy and the pathophysiology of brain injury.
This elective is designed to acquaint the student with the broad scope of neurosurgery.
Students are exposed to patients with neurosurgical emergencies, neurosurgical trauma and elective neurosurgical problems.
Orthopedic Surgery Elective
SUR 613
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Junior Surgery clerkship. Availability is limited.
Objectives:
- Recognize the stops in the evaluation and management of common orthopedic problems in an outpatient setting.
- Demonstrate improved skills in the management of hospitalized patients including operative management.
- Demonstrate improved skill in the management of emergency room orthopaedic problems such as fracture reduction and soft tissue care.
Students will be assigned to the orthopedic physician group and will see a variety of inpatient and outpatient cases.
Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Elective
SUR 610
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Junior Surgery clerkship. Availability is limited.
Objectives:
- Become familiar with the broad scope of plastic and reconstructive surgery.
- Understand the basic preoperative and postoperative approach to the evaluation and management of patients requiring functional, reconstructive and cosmetic procedures.
- Have an increased understanding of the role of the plastic surgeon in the management of injury.
Students have the opportunity to see patients in inpatient and outpatient settings. The medical student is expected to perform the preoperative workup on selected surgical admissions, assist the surgical team and follow patients postoperatively
General Surgery Elective
SUR 619
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Junior Surgery clerkship.
Objectives:
- Understand the approach to the preoperative and postoperative management of the surgical patient.
- Increase understanding of the pathophysiology of surgical disease.
- Increase understanding of ambulatory surgical care.
This elective is designed to familiarize the student with a broad range of surgery including trauma, nutrition, critical care, GI, endocrine, breast, oncology and vascular procedures. The pathophysiology, preoperative evaluation and postoperative management of problems is stressed.
Every attempt will be made to allow the student to follow the patient from admission to discharge and take an active role in the care and management of assigned patients.
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Rural Surgery Elective
SUR 612
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Junior Surgery clerkship.
Objectives:
- Understand the approach to preoperative and postoperative management of the surgical patient in a rural setting.
- Increase understanding of the pathophysiology of surgical disease.
- Enhance understanding of inpatient and ambulatory surgical care in a rural setting.
Students will be assigned to work with a general surgeon in a rural community in the Upper Peninsula (student’s desired location is strongly considered). Students will be given the opportunity to increase their knowledge of surgical patient care in a rural setting.
Ophthalmology Elective
SUR 615
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Junior Surgery clerkship.
Objectives:
- Demonstrate increased clinical judgment related to ophthalmologic diagnosis.
- Demonstrate increased knowledge of diagnostic tests and patient management related to ophthalmologic problems.
This elective will offer the student insight into what an ophthalmologist does in evaluating and treating patients. Students will gain experience in diagnosis and treatment of medical, emergency and surgical ophthalmologic problems.
Urology Elective
SUR 611
Prerequisite: Fourth year medical students who have successfully completed their Junior Surgery clerkship.
Objectives:
- Demonstrate and increased knowledge of preoperative evaluation, surgical management and postoperative care of urologic patients.
- Demonstrate improved skills in interviewing and examining patients with urologic disorders.
This elective is designed to introduce students to the clinical manifestations of genitourinary disease, and the methods and techniques of diagnosis and management of those conditions.
Students will work in both inpatient and outpatient settings.
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